tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-39061431532396501232024-03-12T20:56:20.564-07:00Nova08Nova08http://www.blogger.com/profile/15011401346567025770noreply@blogger.comBlogger7125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3906143153239650123.post-17598440048464127462009-06-13T03:43:00.000-07:002009-06-13T03:47:22.963-07:00Friend For Me<center><a href="http://www.zwani.com/graphics/friends/"><img src="http://images.zwani.com/graphics/friends/images/apic22.jpg" alt="zwani.com myspace graphic comments" border="0" /></a><br /><a href="http://www.zwani.com/graphics/friends/" target="_blank">Friends Graphic Comments</a></center>Nova08http://www.blogger.com/profile/15011401346567025770noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3906143153239650123.post-20951626450566735562009-06-13T03:41:00.000-07:002009-06-13T03:42:22.557-07:00<center><a href="http://www.zwani.com/graphics/friends/"><img src="http://images.zwani.com/graphics/friends/images/2.gif" alt="zwani.com myspace graphic comments" border="0" /></a><br /><a href="http://www.zwani.com/graphics/friends/" target="_blank">Myspace Friends Graphics</a></center>Nova08http://www.blogger.com/profile/15011401346567025770noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3906143153239650123.post-11198763816848374912009-06-01T00:13:00.001-07:002009-09-20T07:58:33.910-07:00Prinsip Q<div> “ Orang yang sukses selalu mencari kesempatan untuk menolong orang lain “<br /><br /> “Apapun yang anda yakikni pasti akan menjadi kenyataan “<br /><br />“ Nilai dari kehidupan bukan dari apan yang anda dapatkan tapi apa yang anda lakukan “<br /> <br /> “ Kesuksesan adalah melakukan sesuatu yang baik dan luar biasa “<br /><br /> “ Kembangkanlah kesuksesan dari kegagalan “<br /><br /> ‘’ Selalu Berusaha Walau Tiada Harapan Sekalipun “<br /><br /> “ Yakinlah bahwa tiada masalah yang tidak dapat diselesaikan “ <br /> </div>
<br /><div> By isninova purnamasari</div>Nova08http://www.blogger.com/profile/15011401346567025770noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3906143153239650123.post-13280948346859153662009-06-01T00:13:00.000-07:002009-06-01T00:14:55.269-07:00Prinsip Q“ Orang yang sukses selalu mencari kesempatan untuk menolong orang lain “<br /><br /> “Apapun yang anda yakikni pasti akan menjadi kenyataan “<br /><br />“ Nilai dari kehidupan bukan dari apan yang anda dapatkan tapi apa yang anda lakukan “<br /> <br /> “ Kesuksesan adalah melakukan sesuatu yang baik dan luar biasa “<br /><br /> “ Kembangkanlah kesuksesan dari kegagalan “<br /><br /> ‘’ Selalu Berusaha Walau Tiada Harapan Sekalipun “<br /><br /> “ Yakinlah bahwa tiada masalah yang tidak dapat diselesaikan “ <br /><br /> By isninova purnamasariNova08http://www.blogger.com/profile/15011401346567025770noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3906143153239650123.post-3931684697556537992009-05-31T23:41:00.000-07:002009-09-20T07:58:33.914-07:00prinsip q" Orang yg sukses selalu mencari kesempatan untuk menolong orang lain "<br /><br /> "Apapun yg anda yakini pasti akan menjadi kenyataan"<br /><br /> "Yakinlah bahwa tak ada masalah yang tak bisa terselesaikan"<br /><br /> " Kembangkanlah kesuksesan dari kegagalan " <br />Nova08http://www.blogger.com/profile/15011401346567025770noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3906143153239650123.post-18054669929699745442009-05-15T21:28:00.001-07:002009-06-16T21:35:02.008-07:00primbon<span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">My Primbon</span><br /><br /> <br /> <br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ~ Formal Greetings</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• Good Morning (until about lunch time, before 12 a.m)</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• Good Afternoon (12-6 p.m)</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• Good Evening (until about 9 p.m)</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• Good Morning, Sir. Ma’am</span><br /> <br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Note: Do not use “Good day” excped in Australia</span><br /> <br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ~ Informal Greetings </span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• Hi, Lizzy !</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• Morning, Jim !</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• Hello</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ~ Initial Greetings</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• How are you ? I’m fine thank you</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• How’s it doing?</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• How are doing?</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• How’s life?</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">* Responding to initial greeting : </span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- Very well, thank you and how are you?</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- I’m good/okay/alright</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- Oh, pretty good</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- Not too bad, thank’s</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- Fine, thank’s</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- Excellent</span><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> <br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> * Pre clossing : </span><br /> <br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- Ok Then</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- I’ve got to go now</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- So, I’ll see you next week</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- I think I’d be going now?</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- I must be going home !</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">* Clossing / leave taking :</span><br /> <br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- Good bye (formal/informal)</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- Bye-bye, bye; now. See you. Take care</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- See you later … Fine</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- See you soon … Ok</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- See you tonight … All right</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• Good night (after 8 p.m or retiring to bed) </span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Note: Do not use “Good evening” for leave taking use “Good night” Good bye John, and all the best (to someone who’s leaving for along time)</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">@ Expression can you find in the dialog !!!</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ~ Example : Perform the dialog ~</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Isni : Good morning, Mr. Hadi</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Mr. Hadi : Good morning.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Isni : Mr. Hadi, I’m Isni a new student.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Mr. Hadi : How do you do?</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Isni : How do you do? It’s nice to meet you.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Mr. Hadi : Nice to meet you, Isni.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">@ When you greet Someone, Please look at him/her directly and smile at him/her.</span><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> <br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"># Invitation tells about how to invite or ask someone to come a long or join a particular program or activity.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"># How to invite someone :</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- I would like you to …</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- We would like you to …</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- We would be pleased if you could …</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- Would you please attend my party tonight?</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- Would you please attend my birthday tonight?</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- Would you like to … ?</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- Shall we …?</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- How about …?</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- If you don’t mind, please come to house tomorrow.</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- Let’s have to diner together with me tonight</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- Would you mind coming to my birthday party?</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> # How to refuse / decline in invitation :</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- I would love to, but …</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- Sorry, that wouldn’t be possible. Thank’s anyway </span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- That’s nice/great. Unfortunately/However …</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- That’s very kind of you, but …</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- Sorry, that wouldn’t be possible. Thank’s anyway</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- I’m afraid a can’t </span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- I can’t for now because I’m busy</span><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> <br /> <br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> @ Appointment tells about agreement for meeting it is good to make an appointment before you meet someone or people.</span><br /><br /> <br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ~ Making an Appointment </span><br /> <br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• I’d like to make an appointment with Kristian.</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• I want to make an appointment to see …</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• I’d like you to come and see</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• Can I come and see you?</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• I’ll be there</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• What about … (thank you)</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ~ Canceling An Appointment </span><br /> <br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• I’m sorry, I’m very busy </span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• I’m terrible sorry I have to put off my appointment</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• I’m afraid/have to postpone my Appointment with … (Dr.Stepen) tomorrow morning.</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">~ Accepting an Appointment </span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• All right, see you there</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• No, problem, I’m free on …(Thursday)</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• Be there on time</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• I’ll wait for you</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• It’s a deal </span><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ~ Changing an Appointment</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• What about … (Thursday at 04.00 p.m)</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• Is that ok, if we meet at …</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• Well, I must be off now. I’ll talk to you later !</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• Could we change the schedule of the meeting?</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• Do you have another time this afternoon</span><br /><br /> <br /> <br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ~ Happiness expression is an expression that is used to show that someone or people are glad have excited feelings</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ~ What would you say to express you happiness?</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> # I’m happy …</span><br /> <br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> # I’m (very) pleased/ (really) delighted</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> # I can’t say how pleased/delighted I am about it</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> # I am so glad to hear that</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> # Great !!!!</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> # Terrific !!! </span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> # Fantastic !!! </span><br /> <br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Expressing sympathy</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">The definition of sympathy Expression :</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ~ Sympathy expression is an expression or feeling of pity and sorrow when we know and see someone or people are unlucky or have trouble an in bad condition. By expressing sympathy we want to show our concern or carefulnesson other people’s condition.</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ~ How can we give sympathy expression to someone ?</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> We express it directly to him/her orally or we can use a letter or card by post also by short message service (sms), e-mail, television, radio, and newspaper/she who got the trouble is far from us.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ~ several expression of sympathy :</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• I’d like to express my deepest condolences</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• I’m sorry to hear that </span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• I’m awfully sorry about …</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• Oh, how awful !!!!</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• Oh, dear !!</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• You must be very upset</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• Oh, what a shame</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• How pity you are !!!</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• How terrible/awful for you</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Example of dialogue that expresses sympathy in a certain.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Situation :</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Miss Rika : You know what? Ewo has lost his wallet.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Nova : Oh, I’m sorry to hear that </span><br /><br /> <br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">How to again people attention orally</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Gaining attention is a way or expression that is spoken so that other people will their attention to what we want to </span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> The example expressions of gaining attention :</span><br /> <br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ~ Attention, please</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ~ May I have your attention, please</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ~ Excuse me, look here !!!</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ~ Listening to me, please</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ~ Waiter ?</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ~ I’m Sorry, but …</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ~ Wow, really ?</span><br /><br /><br /> <br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Making written announcements</span><br /> <br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Announcement is something said, written, or printed to make know what has happened or (more often) what will happen.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> In writing an announcement, keep the following points : the title/type of even, date/time,place, and contact person.</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Present tense</span><br /> <br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> The Present Perfect Tense</span><br /><br /> <br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">No. Function Sentence</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">1. </span><br /> <br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Arecently completed action. He has just gone out(He is still out) </span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">2. </span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Past actions whose time is not definite I have seen it (So I know it)</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">3. </span><br /> <br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">An action beginning in the past and continuing to the present He has worked with us for more than a year(He still works with us) </span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">4. </span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">A repeated action in the past A have visited them several times (Pessibly, I will visit them again) </span><br /><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Patterns :</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">1. Positive Statement</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">S+have+adverb+past participle to Nounverb </span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> has </span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">2. Negative Statement</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">S+have+not+participle+of adverb </span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> has</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">3. Interrogative Statement</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Have+S+adverb+past participle+O+adverb ? </span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Has </span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Simple Present </span><br /> <br /> <br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">The simple present is used to indicate a situation that exists right now, at the moment of speaking. </span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">~ I smell something delicious.</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">~ Jane needs a glass of water right now.</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">~ They have a big house. </span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> The simple present says something was true in the present, and will be true in the future. It is used for general statement of fact. </span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">~ Monkey swings from branch to branch.</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">~ Kind words make people happy.</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">~ God loves us. </span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">The simple present is used for habitual or everyday activity. </span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">~ I watch TV three hours every night.</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">~ English class begins at 7 a.m . </span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">~ Father usually reads newspaper every morning </span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> @ Simple present pattern :</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">1. Nominal :</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> (+) She is a nurse </span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> S+tobe+Compliment</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> (-) He is not a teacher</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> S+tobe+not+Compliment</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ( ? ) Are they student ?</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Tobe+S+Compliment+ ?</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> # When using word questions ( W/H questions such as what, who, when,why,where,which,how ), we simply put the question word in the beginning of the sentence and followed by the form of question pattern above.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Example :</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Why is she angry ?</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> W/H question+tobe+S+Compliment+ ?</span><br /> <br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">2. Verbal :</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> (+) S+Verb1 –S/ES+O/C/ADV</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> (-) S+Do/Does+Subject+Verb1+O/C/ADV</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> (?) Do/Does+Subject+Verb1+O/C/ADV + ?</span><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">~ Past Tense ~</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Untuk menunjukan bahwa suatu perbuatan atau kejadian yang terjadi pada waktu lampau dan berakhir pada saat tertentu di waktu lampau. </span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Rumus = A : S+tobe+(was/were) + …</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> B : S+verb bentuk II+ …</span><br /><br /> <br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Affirmative (+) Negative (-) Interrogative (?)</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">S+verb II S+did not+ V1 Did+S+Verb I</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">I+VerbII</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">They+Verb II</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">We+verb II</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">You+verb II</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">She+verb II</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">He+verb II</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">It+verb II</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">I+did+not+verb 1</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">We+did+not+verb I</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">They+did+not+verb I</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">You+did+not+verb I</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">She+did+not+verb I</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">He+did+not+verb I</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">It+did+not+verb I</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Did+I+ Verb I</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Did+We+ Verb I </span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Did+They+ Verb I</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Did+you+ Verb I</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Did+she+ Verb I</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Did+he+ Verb I</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Did+it+ Verb I</span><br /> <br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Past Continuous Tense </span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang sedang berlangsung pada waktu lampau ketika kejadian peristiwa lain terjadi.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> The past continuous tense is commonly used in English for action which were going on at a particular time in the past </span><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Recount text</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ~ Recount text is a text that is used to retell events for the purpose of informing or entertaining. </span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> The generic structures of recount text are : </span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">1. Orientation (it gives the readers the background information needed to understand the text such as who was involved, where it happened, when it happened).</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">2. Events (a series of events, ordered in chronological sequerce)</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">3. Re-Orientation (restates the writer’s opinion or personal comment of the writer on the incident.</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> The significant lexicogrammatical features :</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- Use of simple past tense</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- Use of temporal conjuctions (when,after,before,next,later,then)</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- Use of personal pronoun (I,we)</span><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Narrative Text</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ~ The definition of narrative text :</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ~ Narrative text is a text is used for the purpose of entertaining or a musing, creating stimulating emotions, motivasi, guiding and teaching the readers or the listeners and it usually deals with actual or vicious experience.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ~ Narrative texts such as : fable (mouse deer and crocodile), legend/folk tales (sangkuriang,malin kundang,) fairy tale (Cinderella,snow white, pinochio).</span><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Procedure Text</span><br /> <br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Procedure text is a text that is designed to describe how something is achieved throught a sequence of actions or steps. It explains how people perform different precces in a sequence of steps. This text uses simple present tense, often imperative sentences. It also uses the temporal conjuction such as first,second,, them, , next, finally, etc.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> The generic structures of procedure text are :</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">1. Goal/aim (or title)</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">2. Materials (not required for all procedural texts)</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">3. Steps (the actions that must be taken)</span><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Giving Intructions</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Giving instruction is an expression that is used inother that other person does what we instruct or request.</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> The example expressions of giving instruction :</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• open your book !!!</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• close the door, please !!!</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• be quiet, please!!!</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• Move the chair !!!</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• Open the window!!!</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• Pass me the sugar, please!!!</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• Stand up, please!!!</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Note : The tense used in giving instruction is “simple present”. </span><br /><br /><br /><br /> <br /><br /><br /><br /> <br /><br /> <br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">NEXT</span><br /><br /><br /> <br /> <br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Congratulation is an expression that we use to give the congratulation utterance when he/she succeds in doing something.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Congratulating :</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ~ congratulations !</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ~ congratulations on your success !</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ~ Happy birthday !</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ~ Happy lebaran Day/Happy led !!!</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ~ Merry Christmas !!!</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ~ Happy New Year !!</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ~ Happy valentine !!!</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ~ Happy Anniversary !!!</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Compliment is an expression that we show or say to express/give praise. Some people use compliments to “butter up” somebody or to flatter in order to increase good will, for example :</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> # on his/her general appearance</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> # if you notice something new about the person’s appearance</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> # when you visit someone’s house for the first time</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> # when other people do their best</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Complimenting :</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• what a nice dress !!!</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• you look very nice/beautiful/handsome</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• I really must express my admiration for your dance</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• Nice work !!!</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• Good grades !!</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• Excellent !!!</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• Good job !</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Gratitude is an expression that we show or say to express grateful feeling to other people when speaking English, you say “thank you” when people give you something, help do something, wish you something and give you a compliment etc.</span><br /><br /> <br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Thanking :</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- thank you very much</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- I’m really very grateful to you</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- I want to express my gratitude to (my teacher, my father, etc).</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- I am grateful to your help</span><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> <br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> To express surprise or disbelief :</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> @ what a surprise ! That’s a surprise !!!</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> @ (well), that’s very surprising !!!</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> @ really ? </span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> @ what ?</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> @ are you serious ? you must be joking !</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> @ you’re kidding !</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> @ fancy that !</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> @ I must say … surprises me.</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> @ I find that hard to believe</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Example of expressing surprise :</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> A : how can you say that ?</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> B : well, that’s the fact.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> When you got a surprising fact, you can say :</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- do you know that ?</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- belief it or not ?</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- you may not believe it, ,but …</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- Can you believe this ?</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">You can respond to the surprising fact using these</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Expressions : - Really ? - Are you joking ?</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> - oh ? - where?show me. </span><br /> <br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Invitation :</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> To invite someone </span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• I would like you to …</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• We would be pleased if you could …</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• Would you like to …</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• Shall we …</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• How about …</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">To accept an invitation </span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- thank you. Yes, I would like to …</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- yes, I would. Thank</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- that would be very nice. Thank you</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- all right !!!</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- how about … ?</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">To accept an invitation</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- thank you, yes. I would like to …</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- yes, I would. Thanks.</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- That would be very nice. Thank you</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- All right!</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- O.k</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">To refuse/decline an invitation </span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">` I would love to, but …</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">` That’s nice/great. Unfortunately/however …</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">` That’s very kind of you, but…</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">` Sorry, that wouldn’t be possible. Thanks anyway.</span><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> <br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Narrative text is a text which contains about story (fiction/non fiction/tales/folk tales/fables/myths/efic) and in its plot consists of climax of the story (complication) then followed by the resolution</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Generic Structures : Orientation-complication-evalution(optimal)-resolution</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Orientation : it is about WHO,WHEN, and WHERE the story happened.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Evaluation : is optimal; it is usually used to make the story more interesting.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Complication : it is about the complict or the big problem of the story.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Resolution : it is the solution of the change of one of</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Coda : it is character or two, or the meaning of the story that can be caught as a moral value of life.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Example : Cinderella,snow white, and pinocio.</span><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">News Item </span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">News item is factual text which informs the readers about events of the day which are considered newsworthy or important. </span><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Generic structur e :</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• Newsworthy event (s) : Recounts the events is summary form</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• Background event (s) : elaborate what happened, to whom in what circumstances</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• Sources : Comments by participant in, witnesses to and authorities expert on the event </span><br /> <br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Social function of news item is to inform readers listeners or viewers about event of the day which are considered newsworthy or important.</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Significant Grammar Features </span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• short, telegraphic information about story captured in headline</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• general using Simple Past Tense </span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• use of material processes to retell the event</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• using action verb, e.g. : were, run,go,kill,etc.</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• using saying verb, e.g. : say,tell</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• focus on circumstances </span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• use of projecting verbal Processes in sources stanges</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">There are somerules that can help that can help to make newspaper headlines more comprehensible.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">1. the passive voice is used without the appropriate form of “ be “ .</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">2. it is unusual to find complex forms, generally the simple present form is used.</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">3. the present progressive tense is used, usually to describe something that is changing or developing, but the auxiliary verb is usually left out.</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">4. to refers to the future, headlines often use the infinitive.</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">5. headlines are not always complete sentence.</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Modals in the Past form</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">1. Could+Verb base</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• to offer suggestions or possibilities</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• to indicate that the ability existed in the past form but doesn’t exist now</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• to express polite requests</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">2. Would+verb base</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• for an action that was repeated regularly in the past</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• insert rather into the pattern and use this expression to express preferences</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• to express polite request</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">3. Should+verb base</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• to give definition advice (advisability)</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• to express the subject’s obligation or duty</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">4. Might+Verb base</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• to tell possibilities</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• to express polite request</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Modals in the past form</span><br /><br /> <br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Modals</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Present Past</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Can could</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Will would</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Shall should</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> May might</span><br /> <br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> <br /> <br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Direct Speech refer to reproducing another person’s exact words or saying exactly what someone has said (something called quoted speech)</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Indirect speech refer to reproducing the idea of another person’s words that doesn’t use quotation marks to enclose what the person said and it doesn’t have to be word for word.</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">There are kinds of indirect speech</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">!. Command/request</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> 2. Question</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> 3. Statement </span><br /> <br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Descriptive </span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> The aim of descriptive text : to describe the characteristics of particular person,thing,or place.</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Text structure :</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ` identiFication : identifies thing,person,place,phenomenon to be described</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ` description : gives the information of particular thing, person, or place being discussed or describes parts, qualities,or characteristics.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Grammatical features : </span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- who ?what</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- using liking verb and simple present tense</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- epithet = adjective or adjective phrase</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- attribute (the)</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- use of attributive and identifying process</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- focus on specific participants</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">- frequent use of epithets and classifier in nominal groups</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Example of descriptive Text :</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">My Pets</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> (identification) we have three family pets : a dog, a cat, and a tortoise.</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> (descriptions) The dog’s name is Benjamin. He is big golden Labrador. He has big brown eyes and along tail. He is very friendly dog, but he sometimes a little stupid. Dogs are expensive to keep but they are fun to play with.</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> (descriptions) Our cat is named Martha. She is quite young, but she is not a kitten. She is very pretty. She has black and white furand green eyes she’s smart, too and very clean.</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> (descriptions) The tortoise’s name is Rocky. He has short, fat legs, along neck, and a very hard shell. He also very old and slow. He’s ugly and dirty, but I like him. </span><br /><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Finite Verb</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> A finite verb is a verb that is inflected for person and for tense rules and categories of the languages in which it occurs. Finite verbs can form independent clause, which can stand by their own as complete sentence.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Every grammatically correct sentence or clause must contain a finite verb; sentence fragments not containing finite verb; sentence fragments not containing finite verbs are describe as phrases.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Some interjections can play the same role. Even in English, a sentence like thanks for your help ! has an interjection where it could have a subject and a finite verb form (compare I appreciate your help!).</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> In English, as in most related languages , only verb in certain moods are finite these include : </span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> * the indicative mood (expression a state of affairs); e.g. , “ The bulldozer demolished the restaurant,’’ “ The leaves were yellow and stiff.”</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• the imperative mood (giving a command)</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• the subjunctive mood (expressing something that might or might not be the state of affairs, depending on some other part of the sentence); nearly extinct in English.</span><br /><br /><br /> <br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> A verb is a word that expresses an occurrence, act,or mode of being. Finite verb, sometimes, called main verbs, are limited by time (see tense), person, and number.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> The finite verb are highlighted in the following sentence :</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> The finite verbs are highlighted in the following sentence : </span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> The bear caught a salmon in the stream.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Who ate the pic ?</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Stop !</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> A nonfinite verb form-such as a participle, infinitive , or gerund-is not limited by time (see tense), person, and number.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Verb form that are not finite include :</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• the infinitive</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• participles (e.g., “ the broken Window … ‘’, The wheezing gentleman …”)</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• gerunds and gerundives.</span><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Simple Present Pattern</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">1. Nominal :</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> (+) She is a nurse </span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> S+tobe+Compliment</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> (-) He is not a teacher</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> S+tobe+not+Compliment</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> ( ? ) Are they student ?</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Tobe+S+Compliment+ ?</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> # When using word questions ( W/H questions such as what, who, when,why,where,which,how ), we simply put the question word in the beginning of the sentence and followed by the form of question pattern above.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Example :</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Why is she angry ?</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> W/H question+tobe+S+Compliment+ ?</span><br /> <br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">2. Verbal :</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> (+) S+Verb1 –S/ES+O/C/ADV</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> (-) S+Do/Does+Subject+Verb1+O/C/ADV</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> (?) Do/Does+Subject+Verb1+O/C/ADV + ?</span><br /><br /><br /> <br /><br /> <br /> <br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Noun phrase</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">A noun phrase is either a single noun or pronoun or any group of words containing a noun or a pronoun that function together as a noun or pronoun, as the subject or object of a verb.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">For example, ‘they’ ‘book’ is just a noun, as you can see in these sentence (in which the noun phrases are all in bold)</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Example :</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Shaggy : do you like books ?</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Bean : yes, I like them.</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Shaggy : do you like books over there ?</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Bean : yes, they are nice.</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Shaggy : do you like the book bought yesterday ?</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Bean : yes, I like it. (Note : ‘it’ refers to ;the book’, note’book’)</span><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> <br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Advertisement is an information for persuading and motivating people so that they will attract to the service and the thing that are offered or informed.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Function of advertisement :</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• Promotion</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• Communication</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• Information</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">In making advertisement keep the following points :</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">A. Language of advertisement :</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">1. Using the correct or suitable words.</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">2. Using the interesting and suggestive expression.</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">3. Text of advertisement should be directed to the goals</span><br /><br /> <br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">B. Content of advertisement :</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">1. Objective</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">2. Brief and clear</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">3. Not allude group or other producer</span><br /><br /><br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Example of advertisement :</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Job Vacancy advertisement</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Isen Mulang Hotel in Palangka Raya is presently</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Looking for :</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">1. sales Meneger</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">2. chief accountant.</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">3. purchasing meneger.</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">4. restaurant meneger</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">5. banquet coordinator</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">6. assistant chief engineer</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">7. bar staf/waiter/waitresses </span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> for</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">(lounge bar opening soon)</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> All applicants should have at least 3 years experience in position with strong leadership, good command under pressure attractive salary and benefits.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">PLEASE SEND YOUR APPLICATION TO GENERAL MENEGER</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">P.O.BOX7III /PKR CL.12979.</span><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> <br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">S+be+Past Participle</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">The words which has the same pattern as will are may ,can ,must ,could and might.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">A. To understand this lesson is easy</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">B. It is easy to understand this lesson</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> In this pattern, it has no meaning. It is used only to fill the subject position in the sentence. Thus, it is called introductory “it”.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> A and B mean the same thing, but sentence B is more common and aseful than A.A was introduce “it” can fill the position both of the subject and object.</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> Introductory “it” as a subject :</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• To watch musical program is pleasant.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">IT IS PLEASANT TO WATCH MUISICAL PROGRAM</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">• To play football must be fun.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">IT IS FUN TO PLAY FOOTBALL </span><br /><br /> <br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> <br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Simple future tense is a verb form that marks the event described by the verb as not having happened yet, but expected to happen in the future.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Kalimat verbal :</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Subject I, We</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">(+) S+shall+infinitive</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">(-) S+shall+not+infinitive</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">(?) Shall+S+infinitive ?</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Subject You ,They, He, She, It</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">(+) S+will+infinitife</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">(-) S+will+not+infinitive</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">(?) Will+S+Infinitive ?</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">To Be +Going To</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">To be +going to digunakan karena dapat mengganti shall/will.</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">(+) S+to be+going to +infinitife</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">(-) S+to be+ not going to+infinitive</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">(?) To be +S+ going to+ infinitive?</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Kalimat Nominal </span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Untuk kalimat nominal Non Verb (bukan kata kerja) dapat berupa kata sifat, kata benda atau berupa kata keterangan.</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Subjek I,We</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">(+) S+ Shall+ be+ Non Verb</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">(-) S+ Shall+not+be+Non Verb</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">(?) Shall+s+be+Non verb?</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">Subjek You,They,He,It</span><br /><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">(+) S+will+be+Non verb</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">(-) S+will+not+be+Non verb</span><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">(?) Will+s+be+Non Verb ?</span>Nova08http://www.blogger.com/profile/15011401346567025770noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3906143153239650123.post-51501172481547917142009-05-12T02:33:00.000-07:002009-05-12T02:43:27.402-07:00<center><a href="http://www.zwani.com/graphics/friends/"><img src="http://images.zwani.com/graphics/friends/images/15.gif" alt="zwani.com myspace graphic comments" border=0></a><br><a href="http://www.zwani.com/graphics/friends/" target="_blank">Friends Graphic Comments</a></center><br /><br /><br /><center><a href="http://www.zwani.com/graphics/friends/"><img src="http://images.zwani.com/graphics/friends/images/apic43.jpg" alt="zwani.com myspace graphic comments" border=0></a><br><a href="http://www.zwani.com/graphics/friends/" target="_blank">Myspace Friends Graphics</a></center><br /><br />we are best friendsNova08http://www.blogger.com/profile/15011401346567025770noreply@blogger.com0