BLOGGER TEMPLATES AND TWITTER BACKGROUNDS

Sabtu, 13 Juni 2009

Friend For Me

zwani.com myspace graphic comments
Friends Graphic Comments

zwani.com myspace graphic comments
Myspace Friends Graphics

Senin, 01 Juni 2009

Prinsip Q

“ Orang yang sukses selalu mencari kesempatan untuk menolong orang lain “

“Apapun yang anda yakikni pasti akan menjadi kenyataan “

“ Nilai dari kehidupan bukan dari apan yang anda dapatkan tapi apa yang anda lakukan “

“ Kesuksesan adalah melakukan sesuatu yang baik dan luar biasa “

“ Kembangkanlah kesuksesan dari kegagalan “

‘’ Selalu Berusaha Walau Tiada Harapan Sekalipun “

“ Yakinlah bahwa tiada masalah yang tidak dapat diselesaikan “

By isninova purnamasari

Prinsip Q

“ Orang yang sukses selalu mencari kesempatan untuk menolong orang lain “

“Apapun yang anda yakikni pasti akan menjadi kenyataan “

“ Nilai dari kehidupan bukan dari apan yang anda dapatkan tapi apa yang anda lakukan “

“ Kesuksesan adalah melakukan sesuatu yang baik dan luar biasa “

“ Kembangkanlah kesuksesan dari kegagalan “

‘’ Selalu Berusaha Walau Tiada Harapan Sekalipun “

“ Yakinlah bahwa tiada masalah yang tidak dapat diselesaikan “

By isninova purnamasari

Minggu, 31 Mei 2009

prinsip q

" Orang yg sukses selalu mencari kesempatan untuk menolong orang lain "

"Apapun yg anda yakini pasti akan menjadi kenyataan"

"Yakinlah bahwa tak ada masalah yang tak bisa terselesaikan"

" Kembangkanlah kesuksesan dari kegagalan "

Jumat, 15 Mei 2009

primbon

My Primbon




~ Formal Greetings

• Good Morning (until about lunch time, before 12 a.m)
• Good Afternoon (12-6 p.m)
• Good Evening (until about 9 p.m)
• Good Morning, Sir. Ma’am

Note: Do not use “Good day” excped in Australia

~ Informal Greetings

• Hi, Lizzy !
• Morning, Jim !
• Hello

~ Initial Greetings

• How are you ? I’m fine thank you
• How’s it doing?
• How are doing?
• How’s life?

* Responding to initial greeting :

- Very well, thank you and how are you?
- I’m good/okay/alright
- Oh, pretty good
- Not too bad, thank’s
- Fine, thank’s
- Excellent






* Pre clossing :

- Ok Then
- I’ve got to go now
- So, I’ll see you next week
- I think I’d be going now?
- I must be going home !

* Clossing / leave taking :

- Good bye (formal/informal)
- Bye-bye, bye; now. See you. Take care
- See you later … Fine
- See you soon … Ok
- See you tonight … All right

• Good night (after 8 p.m or retiring to bed)

Note: Do not use “Good evening” for leave taking use “Good night” Good bye John, and all the best (to someone who’s leaving for along time)

@ Expression can you find in the dialog !!!

~ Example : Perform the dialog ~

Isni : Good morning, Mr. Hadi

Mr. Hadi : Good morning.

Isni : Mr. Hadi, I’m Isni a new student.

Mr. Hadi : How do you do?

Isni : How do you do? It’s nice to meet you.

Mr. Hadi : Nice to meet you, Isni.

@ When you greet Someone, Please look at him/her directly and smile at him/her.






# Invitation tells about how to invite or ask someone to come a long or join a particular program or activity.

# How to invite someone :

- I would like you to …
- We would like you to …
- We would be pleased if you could …
- Would you please attend my party tonight?
- Would you please attend my birthday tonight?
- Would you like to … ?
- Shall we …?
- How about …?
- If you don’t mind, please come to house tomorrow.
- Let’s have to diner together with me tonight
- Would you mind coming to my birthday party?

# How to refuse / decline in invitation :

- I would love to, but …
- Sorry, that wouldn’t be possible. Thank’s anyway
- That’s nice/great. Unfortunately/However …
- That’s very kind of you, but …
- Sorry, that wouldn’t be possible. Thank’s anyway
- I’m afraid a can’t
- I can’t for now because I’m busy

















@ Appointment tells about agreement for meeting it is good to make an appointment before you meet someone or people.


~ Making an Appointment

• I’d like to make an appointment with Kristian.
• I want to make an appointment to see …
• I’d like you to come and see
• Can I come and see you?
• I’ll be there
• What about … (thank you)


~ Canceling An Appointment

• I’m sorry, I’m very busy
• I’m terrible sorry I have to put off my appointment
• I’m afraid/have to postpone my Appointment with … (Dr.Stepen) tomorrow morning.


~ Accepting an Appointment

• All right, see you there
• No, problem, I’m free on …(Thursday)
• Be there on time
• I’ll wait for you
• It’s a deal


~ Changing an Appointment
• What about … (Thursday at 04.00 p.m)
• Is that ok, if we meet at …
• Well, I must be off now. I’ll talk to you later !
• Could we change the schedule of the meeting?
• Do you have another time this afternoon





~ Happiness expression is an expression that is used to show that someone or people are glad have excited feelings

~ What would you say to express you happiness?

# I’m happy …

# I’m (very) pleased/ (really) delighted

# I can’t say how pleased/delighted I am about it

# I am so glad to hear that

# Great !!!!

# Terrific !!!

# Fantastic !!!

















Expressing sympathy

The definition of sympathy Expression :

~ Sympathy expression is an expression or feeling of pity and sorrow when we know and see someone or people are unlucky or have trouble an in bad condition. By expressing sympathy we want to show our concern or carefulnesson other people’s condition.


~ How can we give sympathy expression to someone ?

We express it directly to him/her orally or we can use a letter or card by post also by short message service (sms), e-mail, television, radio, and newspaper/she who got the trouble is far from us.

~ several expression of sympathy :

• I’d like to express my deepest condolences
• I’m sorry to hear that
• I’m awfully sorry about …
• Oh, how awful !!!!
• Oh, dear !!
• You must be very upset
• Oh, what a shame
• How pity you are !!!
• How terrible/awful for you

Example of dialogue that expresses sympathy in a certain.

Situation :

Miss Rika : You know what? Ewo has lost his wallet.

Nova : Oh, I’m sorry to hear that








How to again people attention orally

Gaining attention is a way or expression that is spoken so that other people will their attention to what we want to

The example expressions of gaining attention :

~ Attention, please
~ May I have your attention, please
~ Excuse me, look here !!!
~ Listening to me, please
~ Waiter ?
~ I’m Sorry, but …
~ Wow, really ?






















Making written announcements

Announcement is something said, written, or printed to make know what has happened or (more often) what will happen.

In writing an announcement, keep the following points : the title/type of even, date/time,place, and contact person.


Present tense

The Present Perfect Tense


No. Function Sentence
1.

Arecently completed action. He has just gone out(He is still out)
2.
Past actions whose time is not definite I have seen it (So I know it)
3.

An action beginning in the past and continuing to the present He has worked with us for more than a year(He still works with us)
4.
A repeated action in the past A have visited them several times (Pessibly, I will visit them again)



Patterns :

1. Positive Statement

S+have+adverb+past participle to Nounverb
has

2. Negative Statement

S+have+not+participle+of adverb
has

3. Interrogative Statement

Have+S+adverb+past participle+O+adverb ?
Has

Simple Present



The simple present is used to indicate a situation that exists right now, at the moment of speaking.
~ I smell something delicious.
~ Jane needs a glass of water right now.
~ They have a big house.

The simple present says something was true in the present, and will be true in the future. It is used for general statement of fact.
~ Monkey swings from branch to branch.
~ Kind words make people happy.
~ God loves us.

The simple present is used for habitual or everyday activity.
~ I watch TV three hours every night.
~ English class begins at 7 a.m .
~ Father usually reads newspaper every morning

@ Simple present pattern :

1. Nominal :
(+) She is a nurse
S+tobe+Compliment

(-) He is not a teacher
S+tobe+not+Compliment

( ? ) Are they student ?
Tobe+S+Compliment+ ?

# When using word questions ( W/H questions such as what, who, when,why,where,which,how ), we simply put the question word in the beginning of the sentence and followed by the form of question pattern above.

Example :

Why is she angry ?
W/H question+tobe+S+Compliment+ ?

2. Verbal :

(+) S+Verb1 –S/ES+O/C/ADV

(-) S+Do/Does+Subject+Verb1+O/C/ADV

(?) Do/Does+Subject+Verb1+O/C/ADV + ?












~ Past Tense ~

Untuk menunjukan bahwa suatu perbuatan atau kejadian yang terjadi pada waktu lampau dan berakhir pada saat tertentu di waktu lampau.

Rumus = A : S+tobe+(was/were) + …
B : S+verb bentuk II+ …


Affirmative (+) Negative (-) Interrogative (?)
S+verb II S+did not+ V1 Did+S+Verb I

I+VerbII

They+Verb II

We+verb II

You+verb II

She+verb II

He+verb II

It+verb II

I+did+not+verb 1

We+did+not+verb I

They+did+not+verb I

You+did+not+verb I

She+did+not+verb I

He+did+not+verb I

It+did+not+verb I

Did+I+ Verb I

Did+We+ Verb I

Did+They+ Verb I

Did+you+ Verb I

Did+she+ Verb I

Did+he+ Verb I

Did+it+ Verb I








Past Continuous Tense

untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang sedang berlangsung pada waktu lampau ketika kejadian peristiwa lain terjadi.

The past continuous tense is commonly used in English for action which were going on at a particular time in the past


Recount text

~ Recount text is a text that is used to retell events for the purpose of informing or entertaining.

The generic structures of recount text are :

1. Orientation (it gives the readers the background information needed to understand the text such as who was involved, where it happened, when it happened).
2. Events (a series of events, ordered in chronological sequerce)
3. Re-Orientation (restates the writer’s opinion or personal comment of the writer on the incident.


The significant lexicogrammatical features :

- Use of simple past tense
- Use of temporal conjuctions (when,after,before,next,later,then)
- Use of personal pronoun (I,we)








Narrative Text

~ The definition of narrative text :

~ Narrative text is a text is used for the purpose of entertaining or a musing, creating stimulating emotions, motivasi, guiding and teaching the readers or the listeners and it usually deals with actual or vicious experience.

~ Narrative texts such as : fable (mouse deer and crocodile), legend/folk tales (sangkuriang,malin kundang,) fairy tale (Cinderella,snow white, pinochio).




Procedure Text

Procedure text is a text that is designed to describe how something is achieved throught a sequence of actions or steps. It explains how people perform different precces in a sequence of steps. This text uses simple present tense, often imperative sentences. It also uses the temporal conjuction such as first,second,, them, , next, finally, etc.

The generic structures of procedure text are :

1. Goal/aim (or title)
2. Materials (not required for all procedural texts)
3. Steps (the actions that must be taken)







Giving Intructions

Giving instruction is an expression that is used inother that other person does what we instruct or request.


The example expressions of giving instruction :

• open your book !!!
• close the door, please !!!
• be quiet, please!!!
• Move the chair !!!
• Open the window!!!
• Pass me the sugar, please!!!
• Stand up, please!!!


Note : The tense used in giving instruction is “simple present”.












NEXT




Congratulation is an expression that we use to give the congratulation utterance when he/she succeds in doing something.

Congratulating :
~ congratulations !
~ congratulations on your success !
~ Happy birthday !
~ Happy lebaran Day/Happy led !!!
~ Merry Christmas !!!
~ Happy New Year !!
~ Happy valentine !!!
~ Happy Anniversary !!!

Compliment is an expression that we show or say to express/give praise. Some people use compliments to “butter up” somebody or to flatter in order to increase good will, for example :

# on his/her general appearance
# if you notice something new about the person’s appearance
# when you visit someone’s house for the first time
# when other people do their best

Complimenting :
• what a nice dress !!!
• you look very nice/beautiful/handsome
• I really must express my admiration for your dance
• Nice work !!!

• Good grades !!

• Excellent !!!

• Good job !


Gratitude is an expression that we show or say to express grateful feeling to other people when speaking English, you say “thank you” when people give you something, help do something, wish you something and give you a compliment etc.


Thanking :

- thank you very much
- I’m really very grateful to you
- I want to express my gratitude to (my teacher, my father, etc).
- I am grateful to your help

















To express surprise or disbelief :

@ what a surprise ! That’s a surprise !!!
@ (well), that’s very surprising !!!
@ really ?
@ what ?
@ are you serious ? you must be joking !
@ you’re kidding !
@ fancy that !
@ I must say … surprises me.
@ I find that hard to believe


Example of expressing surprise :
A : how can you say that ?
B : well, that’s the fact.

When you got a surprising fact, you can say :
- do you know that ?
- belief it or not ?
- you may not believe it, ,but …
- Can you believe this ?

You can respond to the surprising fact using these

Expressions : - Really ? - Are you joking ?

- oh ? - where?show me.


Invitation :

To invite someone
• I would like you to …
• We would be pleased if you could …
• Would you like to …
• Shall we …
• How about …

To accept an invitation
- thank you. Yes, I would like to …
- yes, I would. Thank
- that would be very nice. Thank you
- all right !!!
- how about … ?

To accept an invitation
- thank you, yes. I would like to …
- yes, I would. Thanks.
- That would be very nice. Thank you
- All right!
- O.k

To refuse/decline an invitation
` I would love to, but …
` That’s nice/great. Unfortunately/however …
` That’s very kind of you, but…
` Sorry, that wouldn’t be possible. Thanks anyway.







Narrative text is a text which contains about story (fiction/non fiction/tales/folk tales/fables/myths/efic) and in its plot consists of climax of the story (complication) then followed by the resolution


Generic Structures : Orientation-complication-evalution(optimal)-resolution

Orientation : it is about WHO,WHEN, and WHERE the story happened.

Evaluation : is optimal; it is usually used to make the story more interesting.

Complication : it is about the complict or the big problem of the story.

Resolution : it is the solution of the change of one of

Coda : it is character or two, or the meaning of the story that can be caught as a moral value of life.

Example : Cinderella,snow white, and pinocio.

















News Item

News item is factual text which informs the readers about events of the day which are considered newsworthy or important.


Generic structur e :

• Newsworthy event (s) : Recounts the events is summary form
• Background event (s) : elaborate what happened, to whom in what circumstances
• Sources : Comments by participant in, witnesses to and authorities expert on the event



Social function of news item is to inform readers listeners or viewers about event of the day which are considered newsworthy or important.


Significant Grammar Features

• short, telegraphic information about story captured in headline
• general using Simple Past Tense
• use of material processes to retell the event
• using action verb, e.g. : were, run,go,kill,etc.
• using saying verb, e.g. : say,tell
• focus on circumstances
• use of projecting verbal Processes in sources stanges

There are somerules that can help that can help to make newspaper headlines more comprehensible.

1. the passive voice is used without the appropriate form of “ be “ .
2. it is unusual to find complex forms, generally the simple present form is used.
3. the present progressive tense is used, usually to describe something that is changing or developing, but the auxiliary verb is usually left out.
4. to refers to the future, headlines often use the infinitive.
5. headlines are not always complete sentence.


Modals in the Past form

1. Could+Verb base

• to offer suggestions or possibilities
• to indicate that the ability existed in the past form but doesn’t exist now
• to express polite requests


2. Would+verb base

• for an action that was repeated regularly in the past
• insert rather into the pattern and use this expression to express preferences
• to express polite request


3. Should+verb base

• to give definition advice (advisability)
• to express the subject’s obligation or duty


4. Might+Verb base

• to tell possibilities
• to express polite request

Modals in the past form


Modals

Present Past
Can could
Will would
Shall should
May might








Direct Speech refer to reproducing another person’s exact words or saying exactly what someone has said (something called quoted speech)

Indirect speech refer to reproducing the idea of another person’s words that doesn’t use quotation marks to enclose what the person said and it doesn’t have to be word for word.


There are kinds of indirect speech

!. Command/request
2. Question
3. Statement


Descriptive

The aim of descriptive text : to describe the characteristics of particular person,thing,or place.


Text structure :

` identiFication : identifies thing,person,place,phenomenon to be described

` description : gives the information of particular thing, person, or place being discussed or describes parts, qualities,or characteristics.

Grammatical features :

- who ?what
- using liking verb and simple present tense
- epithet = adjective or adjective phrase
- attribute (the)
- use of attributive and identifying process
- focus on specific participants
- frequent use of epithets and classifier in nominal groups


Example of descriptive Text :

My Pets

(identification) we have three family pets : a dog, a cat, and a tortoise.


(descriptions) The dog’s name is Benjamin. He is big golden Labrador. He has big brown eyes and along tail. He is very friendly dog, but he sometimes a little stupid. Dogs are expensive to keep but they are fun to play with.


(descriptions) Our cat is named Martha. She is quite young, but she is not a kitten. She is very pretty. She has black and white furand green eyes she’s smart, too and very clean.


(descriptions) The tortoise’s name is Rocky. He has short, fat legs, along neck, and a very hard shell. He also very old and slow. He’s ugly and dirty, but I like him.



Finite Verb

A finite verb is a verb that is inflected for person and for tense rules and categories of the languages in which it occurs. Finite verbs can form independent clause, which can stand by their own as complete sentence.

Every grammatically correct sentence or clause must contain a finite verb; sentence fragments not containing finite verb; sentence fragments not containing finite verbs are describe as phrases.

Some interjections can play the same role. Even in English, a sentence like thanks for your help ! has an interjection where it could have a subject and a finite verb form (compare I appreciate your help!).

In English, as in most related languages , only verb in certain moods are finite these include :

* the indicative mood (expression a state of affairs); e.g. , “ The bulldozer demolished the restaurant,’’ “ The leaves were yellow and stiff.”

• the imperative mood (giving a command)
• the subjunctive mood (expressing something that might or might not be the state of affairs, depending on some other part of the sentence); nearly extinct in English.



A verb is a word that expresses an occurrence, act,or mode of being. Finite verb, sometimes, called main verbs, are limited by time (see tense), person, and number.

The finite verb are highlighted in the following sentence :

The finite verbs are highlighted in the following sentence :

The bear caught a salmon in the stream.

Who ate the pic ?

Stop !

A nonfinite verb form-such as a participle, infinitive , or gerund-is not limited by time (see tense), person, and number.

Verb form that are not finite include :
• the infinitive
• participles (e.g., “ the broken Window … ‘’, The wheezing gentleman …”)
• gerunds and gerundives.




Simple Present Pattern
1. Nominal :
(+) She is a nurse
S+tobe+Compliment

(-) He is not a teacher
S+tobe+not+Compliment

( ? ) Are they student ?
Tobe+S+Compliment+ ?

# When using word questions ( W/H questions such as what, who, when,why,where,which,how ), we simply put the question word in the beginning of the sentence and followed by the form of question pattern above.

Example :

Why is she angry ?
W/H question+tobe+S+Compliment+ ?

2. Verbal :

(+) S+Verb1 –S/ES+O/C/ADV

(-) S+Do/Does+Subject+Verb1+O/C/ADV

(?) Do/Does+Subject+Verb1+O/C/ADV + ?












Noun phrase

A noun phrase is either a single noun or pronoun or any group of words containing a noun or a pronoun that function together as a noun or pronoun, as the subject or object of a verb.

For example, ‘they’ ‘book’ is just a noun, as you can see in these sentence (in which the noun phrases are all in bold)

Example :

Shaggy : do you like books ?
Bean : yes, I like them.
Shaggy : do you like books over there ?
Bean : yes, they are nice.
Shaggy : do you like the book bought yesterday ?
Bean : yes, I like it. (Note : ‘it’ refers to ;the book’, note’book’)





















Advertisement is an information for persuading and motivating people so that they will attract to the service and the thing that are offered or informed.

Function of advertisement :

• Promotion
• Communication
• Information


In making advertisement keep the following points :

A. Language of advertisement :

1. Using the correct or suitable words.
2. Using the interesting and suggestive expression.
3. Text of advertisement should be directed to the goals


B. Content of advertisement :

1. Objective
2. Brief and clear
3. Not allude group or other producer










Example of advertisement :

Job Vacancy advertisement

Isen Mulang Hotel in Palangka Raya is presently
Looking for :

1. sales Meneger
2. chief accountant.
3. purchasing meneger.
4. restaurant meneger
5. banquet coordinator
6. assistant chief engineer
7. bar staf/waiter/waitresses
for
(lounge bar opening soon)

All applicants should have at least 3 years experience in position with strong leadership, good command under pressure attractive salary and benefits.

PLEASE SEND YOUR APPLICATION TO GENERAL MENEGER

P.O.BOX7III /PKR CL.12979.


























S+be+Past Participle

The words which has the same pattern as will are may ,can ,must ,could and might.

A. To understand this lesson is easy
B. It is easy to understand this lesson

In this pattern, it has no meaning. It is used only to fill the subject position in the sentence. Thus, it is called introductory “it”.

A and B mean the same thing, but sentence B is more common and aseful than A.A was introduce “it” can fill the position both of the subject and object.


Introductory “it” as a subject :

• To watch musical program is pleasant.

IT IS PLEASANT TO WATCH MUISICAL PROGRAM

• To play football must be fun.

IT IS FUN TO PLAY FOOTBALL



















Simple future tense is a verb form that marks the event described by the verb as not having happened yet, but expected to happen in the future.

Kalimat verbal :

Subject I, We

(+) S+shall+infinitive
(-) S+shall+not+infinitive
(?) Shall+S+infinitive ?


Subject You ,They, He, She, It
(+) S+will+infinitife
(-) S+will+not+infinitive
(?) Will+S+Infinitive ?


To Be +Going To

To be +going to digunakan karena dapat mengganti shall/will.
(+) S+to be+going to +infinitife
(-) S+to be+ not going to+infinitive
(?) To be +S+ going to+ infinitive?


Kalimat Nominal

Untuk kalimat nominal Non Verb (bukan kata kerja) dapat berupa kata sifat, kata benda atau berupa kata keterangan.

Subjek I,We

(+) S+ Shall+ be+ Non Verb
(-) S+ Shall+not+be+Non Verb
(?) Shall+s+be+Non verb?

Subjek You,They,He,It

(+) S+will+be+Non verb
(-) S+will+not+be+Non verb
(?) Will+s+be+Non Verb ?

Selasa, 12 Mei 2009

zwani.com myspace graphic comments
Friends Graphic Comments



zwani.com myspace graphic comments
Myspace Friends Graphics


we are best friends